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BURWASH




Burwash Prison can be found along highway 69. The site once housed up to 670 prisoners and contained a 20 bed hospital, church, a school and a staff townsite.

It was a complete town, fully self sufficient. There was a post office, skating rink, cemetery, hospital, barber shop and church.

1914-1917

On September 14, 1914, the Ontario Government passed an Order in Council to establish the Burwash Industrial Farm. Four days later, the new Superintendant Clarance Fletcher Neelands, Sgt. Norman Sydney Oliver and nine inmates arrived at the Burwash Station. They set up camp and soon thereafter began constructing the first permanent building known as Camp Spruce.

Travel to Burwash was primarily by train as there were no roads leading to the site. Highway 69 wouldn't be built until the 1950's

With the First World War, came recession. With recession came crime. The population of inmates grew to 180.

By 1915, a small log camp had been built on the banks of the Wanapitei River and by fall, work had begun on the main camp. It was completed on January 31, 1916.

The population continued to grow as the Guelph Reformatory was turned into a veteran's hospital and rehabilitation center. The 200 prisoners were transferred to Burwash. The population was soon over 350 men.

By 1917, a steam powered sawmill (on Mill Lake), shingle and 'sticker' mill were in operations. The mill produced one million feet of lumber at its peak, annually.

1930's

In 1933, a road built by the inmates connected the Wanapitei River with Estaire. This road now connected Burwash with other roads to Wanup, Sudbury and Coniston. Burwash was no longer a remote isolated area. In a few years, cars were making it possible for people to visit Burwash and for staff to go shopping in Sudbury.

1960's

The new $2.6 million Camp Bison was officially opened in a ceremony on June 8, 1960. It accomodated 210 inmates. The name of the camp came from the numerous wildlife that had been known to roam the property.

Today

Today Burwash is supposedly a restricted area, and is barely used. This is now a training ground for the Department of National Defense.

There isn't much to see. If you turn right just before the lake, onto the rust colored pathway it will take you to where the troops camp out otherwise if you continue on down the road you come to a fork in the road. Go right to end up at a large dirt pile, where I assume the structures once stood.

If you continue straight from the fork in the road you eventually end up at the railway tracks and a small railway building. Interestingly enough, across from the tracks is an old gate and a path which leads to Camp Bison. The walk is approx 3.5 miles, but can be accessed by 4x4.

Val:7
Number of photos: 113
Approx. Latitude: 46 14 22 Approx. Longitude: 80 51 03
SHOW ME A GOOGLE MAP HERE [90% accurate]

 

Entrance
Entrance Sign
Lake
Lake by main road

Lake by main road

Lake
Railway crossing
At the tracks (note trail)

Down the tracks

Beautiful fall view

Field where inmates once worked
The main road
Main road

Field where inmates once worked

1943 report on Burwash detailing costs/production
 


Some information above was supplied by Mike Curtin. The excellent photographs below come from Brian Curtin who grew up on the Burwash site. He has generously donated these photographs of the early years. Brian also sent an overhead view map of the area.


BRIAN CURTIN'S PICTURES

Map Legend
A......Present entrance off Hwy 69.
B......Site of ....Camp One, was the original entrance off Hwy 69. {now closed off }
C...... Formerly horse & cattle barns,corrals, equipment buildings.
D......Appears to be Army firing range.{ new }
E......Formerly sewage treatment plant
F......Site of.....Post office.,Store,Laundry,Barber shop,Dairy.
G......Tailor shop,Shoe repair shop,Auditorium,Guards Quarters.
H.....Site of Power plant,..Steam supplied to various buildings e.g.: Laundry,Auditorium,Heating& water
I.......".............Greenhouse, All town flower gardens started here
J.....Site of.....Main Cell Block,Administrative offices ,now a completely flat pc of land with road leading to it.
K......" ......Steam & Power plant for cell block/offices
L ...Site of.....Inmates Gym.
M..... " .......Horse barns ,Equipment, Farm Administrative office.

N....Site of....Shops..Blacksmith,Carpenter, Paint, Elect.Plumbing etc.
O.... " ......Dairy Barns, 2 large barns
P.....Site of...Piggery, Slaughterhouse ,extensive pig pens
Q.... " .......Saw mill, on shore of Mill Lake, logs would be piled on the 3 lakes during the winter, and processed through the sawmill during the summer.
R....Site of....Hockey rink & Lawn bowling green
S.... " .......Supintendents house , flanked by to others, extensive terraced gardens were behind the Supt's house.
T....Site of....Inmate Cemetery,undistinguishable now except for broken down green painted fence
U.... " .......School, after Hwy 69, High School was a bus trip to Sudbury daily.
V...Site of.....Numerous custodial staff family homes on both sides of the road, of this plateau
W... " ........CNR Station, still seem to be a lot of activity around this area by CNR personnel
X...Site .......Pump house, red brick construction,pumped water from Wanapitei River to the town water tower,........ { not sure if it still exists}
Y.. " ..........Camp Five {also called Bison } this also was a prison site with cell block, power plant, Offices, guards quarters, horse & cow barns & equipment buildings, corrals & pens for all, even a pumphouse on the Wanapitei river near by, this was the same situation that existed at Camp One, these out lying institutions would maintain the further reaches of the property and cut travel time to crops, fields & livestock.
Z.................?



Looking North to Sudbury by the old CNR station

Circa 1939

Circa 1980's (note pilfered window bars)

Burwash industrial farm (1947)

Pleasant view

View behind superintendents home. Note logs in the lake, cut by inmates, awaiting cutting at the sawmill in spring.

Custodial staff residences. Cellblock in top right and dairy cattle barns in top left

Skating rink


Brian Curtin sent me these pictures also, taken in 1980, of the old site.



Cell Block, front view Left wing, contained hospital, doctors, dentist,offices,. Second & third floors were dormitaries by 1980 all bars & salvagable items had been stripped out

Entrance to left Wing Hospital,Medical staff and dormitories

3rd Floor dormitories You can see the effects after being subjected to the elements for a few years,note the windows & radiators,as well as missing window bars

Interior of cell

Interior of cell

Exercise Yard View from outside the yard looking in

Center section of building,rear this is a view of the exercise yard from the 3rd floor dormitory window, this was a walking yard in the summer, in the Winter the inmates held Hockey games within the yard, note the white boards and the players boxes this section of the building itself held the offices of the supt. and administrative staff.

Right wing of building this consisted of individual cells, again the weather has beat up the area for awhile, cells had a bunk , toilet, sink & desk,part of one can still be seen, the sliding cell bar doors have been removed


Post office (1980). Bars on lower windows.

Dairy barn behind main cell block

Village school (grades 1-8). Horse barns and craft shops in background.

Main street (circa 1947) towards auditorium where canteen, concerts were held.

The same street in July 1999 (note the poles are in the same spot)

Industrial farm (circa 1947)

Same view in 1999

Homes in village, barred up for at least 6 years. Taken in 1980.

Home in the village, 1980.

The village, 1980.


Burwash Public School

House on the hill (overlooked the reunion food tent)

Ms. Labatt (school teacher)

Village before sidewalks

Village (1940)

Ballfield opposite the school

Farmlands staff houses

Inmate farm worker

Inmates haying

Dairy barn storing hay

Directing ice blocks from Lake Neilly into ice house

Guard and inmates offloading logs on Mill Lake

Hay wagon

Inmate and hay wagon

Inmates cutting ice blocks

Inmates loading cattle

Main cell block (1954)

Mill Lake saw mill yard

Prison hay fieldl

Staff dance at auditorium

Rear view of houses

Boarded up staff homes

Bungalows east of school

Looking west to huts hills

Main street towards huts hills

Inside view of the square

Loading cord wood

Another inside square view

Someones home

Staff housing

Village street looking East

Old sidewalk




















 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

BURWASH REUNION

September 2nd and 3rd, 2002 saw the Burwash Reunion. Thanks to Leonard Gervais and countless others, I was given a rare opportunity to talk to some of the people who ran Burwash.


Welcome

The path to the graveyard site

The entrance lies at the end of the path.

Rotting wood fencing is the only sign that anything once stood here. Yet the graves remain.

Festivities

 

"Welcome to Burwash. Population 350 (to-day)"

Setting up before the crowd arrives.

Setting up

 

Taking a drive to the firing range.

An old quilt which was being raffled.

Numbers on the firing range

Supper time (Brian Curtin is in there somewhere)

Supper

A cartoon from one of the scrapbooks

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

These two reunion pictures came from JW - thanks!


Art Blaskevitch, who greeted visitors in uniform.

Gordon Hall and Ron Degazio


GASTON'S BURWASH PICTURES

These pictures are dated 1969-70 and were submitted by Gaston P. (Thank you!).


The chapel (pic 1) stood out side and in front of the main camp and was used for Sunday services. It was used for a 10:00am mass that was opened to the outside. French river campers etc...It is believe that there was only one trustee permitted at that particular mass. The out buildings (pic 2) in that pic were possibly used for the beef herd as a shelter.



The rear of the gym that was built approximately two years before the Wash closed. It was to your left when you were
facing the administration wing and connected to the complex at the south end of the building.


This picture is facing the entrance to the main camp. The stairs are hidden by the tree. This part was used as reception and administration. I believe the top part was used by administration of the whole complex, Camp Bison and the bush camp included. The middle floor(most prominent windows) was were the "RACE TRACK" was situated. It held the NCO's room, censor's office , security office and also the room were all the Jackets(inmates files and Yellow sheets) were held. The bottom row of windows was were there were correctional officers room was held. It was were we would meet for breaks etc.

NOTE the brick wall to the right of the picture was the hallway that led to trustees quarters and were new inmates were placed before they were classified.


TERRY VAN SETERS PICTURES

Terry van Seters graciously donated these vintage Burwash pictures.


The huts, left to right, Billy & Terry van Seters, Bobbie and Freddie Moore - 1959

The huts, Billy & Terry van Seters, Cathy Crossman (slabs in the background built the impregnable fortresses in front of everybodies property)

Tthe huts, Billy & Terry van Seters, Larry Marchment, Dickie van Setersn

Between the huts, Terry van Seters and Cathy Crossman 1960

Burwash church, Richard van Seters confirmation class Oct. 1963

Cubs (Mrs. Trowbridge would be proud) Billy & Terry van Seters June 1963

Hockey banquet May 1963 inside the Burwash canteen

Yes! that's Rocket Richard with Billy & Terry van Seters

Front steps, end unit, the huts, Billy, Terry & Dickie van Seters, Grace in the window


ANDY'S PICTURES


These pictures come from Andy Fyon, who runs www.ontariowildflower.com.
Visit his webpage for more assorted pictures.